Osmolarity ની ગણતરી કેવી રીતે કરવી

Osmolarity શું છે?

Calculated serum osmolarity estimates plasma solute concentration using sodium, glucose, and BUN. Normal range: 275–295 mOsm/kg.

સૂત્ર

Serum osmolality = 2(Na) + (Glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8) + (Ethanol/4); Normal 275–295 mOsm/kg; High = hypernatremia or dehydration; Low = hyponatremia or overhydration

Na: Serum sodium (mEq/L (135–145 normal))
Glucose: Serum glucose (mg/dL)
BUN: Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)
Osmolality: Serum osmolality (mOsm/kg)

પગલું દ્વારા પગલું માર્ગદર્શિકા

1Osmolarity = 2×Na + Glucose(mg/dL)/18 + BUN(mg/dL)/2.8
2Normal: 275–295 mOsm/kg
3> 295: hyperosmolar (dehydration, DKA, hyperglycaemia)
4< 275: hypo-osmolar (SIADH, water overload)

Worked Examples

ઇનપુટ

Na 142, Glucose 108, BUN 14

પરિણામ

Osmolarity = 284 + 6 + 5 = 295 mOsm/kg (upper normal)

Frequently Asked Questions

What does osmolality measure?

Concentration of particles in serum. High = solute concentrated (dehydration, hypernatremia). Low = dilute (overhydration, hyponatremia). Critical for cell hydration status.

Why does high glucose increase osmolality?

Glucose acts as osmotic particle; draws water from cells (osmotic dehydration). Severe hyperglycemia (> 600 mg/dL) can cause hyperosmolar state (emergency).

What causes osmolality abnormalities?

High: dehydration, hypernatremia, renal failure (accumulates urea). Low: SIADH (inappropriate ADH), overhydration, liver disease (low osmolality + hyponatremia).

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