Physics Calculators

Calculate force using F = ma. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Final velocity with kinematics. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Calculate kinetic energy (KE = ½mv²) from mass and velocity with units. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Calculate gravitational potential energy (PE = mgh) from mass and height. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

p = mv momentum calculations. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Calculate density using ρ = m/V. Enter mass and volume — see density with unit conversion and common material comparison. Free.

Calculate pressure using P = F/A. Enter force and area — see pressure in Pa, bar, psi, and atm with unit conversion. Free.

Calculate work done using W = F × s. Enter force and displacement — see work in joules with angle correction for non-parallel force. Free.

Solve for pressure, volume, temperature, or moles using the PV = nRT equation. Full formula with variable legend, worked example and step-by-step chemistry solution.

Calculate spring force using F = kx. Enter spring constant and extension — see force, potential energy stored, and elastic limit. Free.

Calculate range, height and flight time. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Calculate free fall distance, velocity, and time under gravity. Enter any two values — see the full trajectory with g = 9.81 m/s² equations. Free.

Calculate escape velocity for celestial bodies. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Frequency, wavelength and wave speed. See formula, worked example and wave diagram. Instant physics result. Free online solver.

Einstein's mass-energy equivalence E=mc². Calculate energy from mass or vice versa with step-by-step solution, formula and real-world scale context.

Calculate friction force and coefficient. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Calculate impulse and change in momentum. Enter force and time, or initial and final momentum — see impulse = FΔt with steps. Free.

Calculate buoyant force and whether an object floats or sinks. Enter volume and fluid density — see F_b = ρgV with outcome. Free.

Calculate torque from force, distance and angle. Formula, variable legend, worked example and step-by-step mechanics solution. Instant result.

Solve for voltage, current, resistance or power. See formula, variable legend, worked example and unit conversions. Instant electronics solver.

Calculate wave speed, frequency or wavelength using v=fλ. See formula, worked example and wave diagram. Instant physics result. Free online solver.

Heat energy using Q = mcΔT for common materials. Formula, worked example and unit conversions included. Instant thermodynamics solver.

Total resistance for series and parallel resistor circuits. See formula, variable legend, worked example and unit conversions. Instant electronics solver.

Convert between HP, kW, CV, PS and watts. Fast and accurate result with formula, step-by-step method and unit overview. Free tool.

Calculate terminal velocity for falling objects. Enter mass, drag coefficient, and cross-section — see terminal velocity in m/s. Free.

Calculate centripetal force for circular motion. Enter mass, velocity, and radius — see F = mv²/r with acceleration and period. Free.

Calculate rotational kinetic energy. Enter moment of inertia and angular velocity — see KE = ½Iω² with linear equivalent. Free.

Calculate angular momentum for rotating objects. Enter moment of inertia and angular velocity — see L = Iω with torque. Free.

Calculate Doppler frequency shift from motion. Enter source frequency and velocities — see observed frequency approaching and receding. Free.

Calculate light refraction angle at material interfaces. Enter incident angle and refractive indices — see refracted angle via Snell's law. Free.

Calculate SHM period, frequency, and amplitude. Enter spring constant and mass — see T = 2π√(m/k) with displacement equations. Free.

Calculate velocity, acceleration, and period for circular motion. Enter radius and speed — see centripetal acceleration and orbital period. Free.