How to Calculate Impulse
What is Impulse?
Impulse (J) is the change in momentum of an object when a force acts over time: J = F × Δt = Δp = m × Δv. A large force over a short time (collision) or a small force over a long time can produce the same impulse.
Step-by-Step Guide
- 1Impulse = Force × Time = Change in momentum
- 2J = F × Δt = m × Δv
- 3Units: N·s = kg·m/s
- 4Conservation of momentum: in a closed system, total impulse = 0
Worked Examples
Input
0.5 kg ball, velocity changes from 0 to 20 m/s
Result
Impulse = 0.5 × 20 = 10 N·s
Input
Force 200 N for 0.05 seconds
Result
Impulse = 200 × 0.05 = 10 N·s
Same impulse, different scenarios
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